文成公主庙,又称大旦如来佛堂,坐落在结古镇以南的白纳沟,海拔3700多米。大旦如来佛堂面积有80多平方米,高13米,依岩崖修建而成。佛堂精巧玲珑、幽静雅致。佛堂内供奉的主佛像藏语称“觉俄囊巴诺泽”,汉语称大旦如来,梵语为“毗卢遮那”。相传此佛象与供奉在拉萨大昭寺内的释迦牟尼像具有同等的加持威德,距今已有1300多年的历史。
位居正中、高约8米的主佛大日如来佛,端庄稳重、娴静慈祥,结跏趺端坐在双狮仰莲座上。其余八尊菩萨系随佛弟子,其造型、服饰兼有吐蕃早期风格和初唐中原艺术特征。在佛堂附近的岩壁上,工整地刻有藏、汉两文佛经《普贤菩萨行愿王经》、《般若波罗密多心经》,以及多行梵文和汉文、佛塔、六字真言等。在佛堂右侧20米处岩崖下,有一泓清澈如明镜般的泉眼,名叫公主泉。相传文成公主在此驻跸期间,曾在泉边梳洗。
这座佛堂是唐贞观15年(公元641年)文成公主进藏时留下的规模最为宏伟而弥足珍贵的历史文化遗迹,文成公主离开这里进入拉萨后,这里的藏民便依据公主的画像,在石壁上造像,以示怀念,遂又建庙。此庙已经成为藏汉团结的象征,成为信徒们顶礼膜拜的佛堂,香火缭绕,经久不衰,当地藏族群众把这里视为玉树高原上的“洞天福地”。
传说:白纳沟是文成公主远嫁吐蕃途中停留时间最长的地方。在这里,当地藏族头领和群众为公主举行了她进入吐蕃地界以来第一次极为隆重热烈的欢迎仪式,文成公主见藏族人民如此好客热情,深受感动。为了感谢和报答当地藏族人民,文成公主决定在此多住些日子,向藏族群众传播中原地区汉族人民的文化。
文成公主在白纳沟住下以后,曾亲率工匠、世人在沟内的悬崖峭壁上浮雕凿刻了各种佛像、大小佛塔和重要经文等数十处。庙宇内的九尊佛像据说就是当时遗留下的古迹。文成公主还通过自己的身传言教,帮助当地藏族人民学会驾牛开荒,耕耘播种,学会了垒石砌墙,伐木盖房,学会了纺纱织毯,凿石打磨,唱歌跳舞等。迄今,在白纳沟对面的山坡上还有公主当年教人们开荒种地的田埂。因此,在当地藏族人民的心目中,文成公主是天上的菩萨娘娘,公主遗留下来的物件是珍贵的圣物,想尽办法加以保护。
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